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PLAYFELLOWS

Page history last edited by PBworks 16 years, 4 months ago
 
 

 

 

Playfellows *

 

 

 

Group members and their roles:

 

*Leader: Jan Lipovec

 

*Secretary: Jasmina Džamastagić

 

*Time-keeper: Sara Lednik

 

*Reporter: Brigita Bizjak

 

*Reserve: Barbara Černoša

 

 

 

 

 

WOMEN'S INEQUALITY IN THE WORKPLACE:

 

 Stereotyping Keeps Skilled Women from Reaching the Top

 *                                                                                                                                                                      *

 

 


 

 

              

DEFINITION:

 

Stereotypes are ideas about particular groups of people that can have a positive or negative connotation and may be used to justify certain discriminatory behavior. They are often used to make sense of the complicated world around us. It is hard to get rid of stereotypes because they are widely accepted in society. Women are subjected to gender stereotypes and prejudice every day, at work as well as at home. This means that gender inequality is rooted deep in the structure of our society. 

We will concentrate on stereotypes connected to women and their unequal possibilities to obtain responsible, better-paid positions in the workplace. Whereas men are more likely to be hired in core or regular and very well-paid positions, women are hired in peripheral, less-valued jobs, including home-based, casual or temporary work. These jobs are normally characterised by very low pay, irregular income, little or no job or income security and lack of social protection. Our assignment is to find out the reasons for this kind of problems, to explane some specific cases linked to stereotyping, to explore in what way and to which degree is it still happening in our society and try to come up with solutions to the problem.

 

 


 

RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

 

1. Are certain proffesions reserved only for one gender?

2. What can be done to stop discrimination between the two genders at workplaces?

3. How do men view this problem?

4. What kind of problems do women face at their workplace? (stress, harassment...)

5. Is the glass ceiling phenomenon still present?

6. Is it possible for women to resist being descriminated?

7. Is the treatment at the workplace reflected in the women's private lives? 

8. What is unpaid women's labour?

 

 


 

DISTRIBUTION OF TASKS:

 

Barbara has chosen to tackle the second and the sixth question (What can be done to stop discrimination between the two genders at workplaces? Is it possible for women to resist being descriminated?),

Jan has chosen the third and fifth question (How do men view this problem?, Is the glass ceiling phenomenon still present?),

Brigita has decided to work on the first question (Are certain proffesions reserved only for one gender? and on the questionnar and its interpretation), 

Sara was assigned to tackle the seventh and eight questions (Is the treatment at the workplace reflected in the women's private lives? What is unpaid women's labour?),

Jasmina will work on the fourth question (What kind of problems do women face at their workplace? (stress, harassment...)) and help to form the conclusion.

 

 


 

 

 

LITERATURE:

 

- Schultz, Paul (1995): Investment in women's human capital. London, Chicago: The university of Chicago Press.

 

- Lewis, Jane (1993): Women and social policies in Europe: work, family and the state. Aldershot, Brookfield : E. Elgar

 

- Padavic, Irene (2002): Women and men at work. Thousand Oaks (CA), London, New Delhi : Pine

Forge : Sage

 

- Černigoj-Sadar, Nevenka (2000): Spolne razlike v formalnem in neformalnem delu. Družboslovne razprave, Let. 16, št.34/35, str..31-52

 

- European Commission. Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities: Equal pay: exchange of good practices EU.

 

 - Dreher, George F. (2003): Breaking the Glass Ceiling: The Effects of Sex Ratios and Work-Life Programs on Female Leadership at the Top. 

 Human Relations, 5; vol. 56: pp. 541 - 562.

 

- Gibelman, Margaret (1998): Women's Perceptions of the Glass Ceiling in Human Service Organizations and What to Do About It Affilia, 7 1998; vol. 13: pp. 147 - 165.

 

- Maume, David J. , Jr.( 2004): Is the Glass Ceiling a Unique Form of Inequality?: Evidence From a Random-Effects Model of Managerial Attainment. Work and Occupations, 5 2004; vol. 31: pp. 250 - 274

 

- Hearn, Mark, Michelson, Grant (2006): Rethinkingwork : time, space and discourse. Cambridge, Melbourne : Cambridge University Press.

 

- Birch, Charles, Paul, David (2003): Life and work : challenging economic man. Sydney : UNSW.

 

-   Urad Vlade RS za enake možnosti (2007): Spolno in drugo nadlegovanje na delovnem mestu. Research. Ljubljana. 

http://www.uem.gov.si/fileadmin/uem.gov.si/pageuploads/RaziskavaNadlegovanje.pdf (accessed 7 November 2007).

 

-    Urad Vlade RS za enake možnosti (2007): Spolno nadlegovanje na delovnem mestu. Zloženka. Ljubljana. http://www.uem.gov.si/fileadmin/uem.gov.si/pageuploads/Zlozenka_2004.pdf (accessed 7 November 2007).

 

-     Kai Lamertz and Karl Aquino (2004): Social Power, Social Status and Perceptual Similarity of Workplace Victimization: A Social Network Analysis of Stratification.Human Relations, 7; vol. 57: pp. 795 – 822, http://hum.sagepub.com.nukweb.nuk.uni-lj.si/cgi/reprint/57/7/795 (accessed 7 November 2007).

 

 


GLOSSARY:

 

Better-paid positions (phrase): certain jobs with higher wage than average. ("This degree is not an unambiguous advantage in competitions and does not provide its holder a better paid position").

 In Slovene: dobro plačane službe/ položaji na delovnih mestih.

 

Home-based work (phrase): the kind of work that is beeing done mostly at home. It enables you to do the job at home, not in the office.(" Home-based business. A segment of certain population, especially (young) women chose to do this kind of work, because they want to spend their work time at home"). 

In Slovene: delo opravljeno doma/izven uradnih prostorov.

 

Less-valued job (phrase): a job that many people see or describe as less important and less responsible, with irregular income. A less-valued job could be a part time job, a job associated with certain stereotypes, home-based work...etc.

In Slovene: slabše ovrednotene službe. 

 

(To) Prejudice (n.,v.): is an unreasonable dislike of someone or something. ("There is widespread prejudice against workers over 45"). 

In Slovene: predsodek; naprej določiti sodbo.

 

Cliche(n.): is an idea or phrase which has been used so much that it is no longer interesting or effective. ("It has become a cliche to describe Asia-Pacific as the world's most dynamic economic area").

In Slovene: šablona, fraza, kliše. 

 

Counter stereotype (phrase): is the reversed process of stereotyping. They arise in opposition to stereotypes. May become stereotypes themselves if they are too popular. ("American popular literature in the 19th century contained stereotypical images of Black people as grotesque and servile. In protest, a counter-stereotype arose which showed Black people as graceful and wise").

 In Slovene: obratni, nasprotni stereotip.

 

Stereotype threat (phrase): is the fear that one's behaviour will confirm an existing stereotype of a group with which one identifies himself. This fear may lead to an impairment of performance. ("Stereotype threat made the students anxious about confirming the stereotype regarding African American IQ").

In Slovene: grožnja o uresničitvi določenega stereotipa.

 

LGBT stereotypes: are formularic, conventional, generaliziations, opinions, images about gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgendered peopele, based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. ("LGBT stereotypes are still widely believed by the common public today, and it is also less disputed").

In Slovene: LGBT stereotipi (stereotipi povezani z geji, lezbijkami, bisexualci ali transvestiti).

 

Gender role: is a set of perceived behavioral norms associated particularly with males or females, in a given social group or system. It can be a form of division of labour by gender. It is a focus of analysis in social sciences. 

In Slovene: družbene vloge spolov.

 

Income disparity/ wage gap (phrase): is a term used to describe inequities in average pay or salary between socio-economic groups within society, or the inequities in pay between individuals who produce the same work. Income disparity generally occurs when certain groups within society suffer from social inequality within a society. 

In Slovene: neenaka razdelitev prihodka.

 

Sexism (n:): is commonly considered to be discrimination and/or hatred against people based on their sex rather than their individual merits, but can also refer to any and all systemic differentiations based on the sex of the individuals. The belief that one gender or sex is inferior to or more valuable than the other. 

In Slovene: seksizem.

 

Glass ceiling (phrase): refers to situations where the advancement of a qualified person within the hierarchy of an organization is halted at a particular level because of some form of discrimination, most commonly sexism or racism. 

In Slovene: "stekleni strop", navidezna pregrada, ki ženskam onemogoča dostop do vodilnih položajev. 

 

 

 

 Source: 1. http://dictionary.oed.com.nukweb.nuk.uni-lj.si/

              2. Cobuild Collins (1997). New student's dictionary, Harper Collins Publishers, Great Britain 1997

              3. http://en.wikipedia.org

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 MINUTES:

 

- 1st meeting

- 2nd meeting

- 3rd meeting

- 4th meeting

 

 

 


 

 

 

 REPORT:

 

Report draft

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

Curtesy of:

 

* http://www.theage.com.au/ffximage/2005/04/22/pt_women_work_2304_ent-lead__200x277.jpg

* http://gothamgazette.com/graphics/women_jobs.jpg

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comments (1)

Anonymous said

at 1:20 pm on Oct 7, 2007

Hello, everyone. Although you missed the Saturday deadline, it's good to see that you have started editing the page. May I just suggest that you add a title "Group members and their roles" or something similar to make it easier for the readers to find their way around your page.

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